基于宏程序的椭球面加工刀路算法

摘要

Oval sphere and spherical surface are often seen in modern machinery manufacturing,and numerical control (NC) machining is required for this kind of characteristics. When computer used for automatic programming,modification of a program is not easy,and a long period of time is taken for writing the cutting program. By analyzing the cutting technology for oval sphere surface of an electrode,the algorithm of tooltrajectory,parameter equation and applicable scope were given separately for the ball tool,vertical milling tool and cownose tool for cutting oval sphere surface. Moreover by taking an example of layer cutting of oval sphere surface with ball tool,a macroprogram was wrote with two embedded circulate sentences. It could be invoked by G65 code,which was equivalent to add a fixed circular function to the NC system. The parameterization of cutting program for this kind of parts is realized,and writing speed for the cutting program is improved. It can be used for milling and cutting parts with oval sphere and spherical surface. The macroprogram is verified by a detailed practical example.%　　椭球形、球形表面在现代机械生产中比较常见，这类特征需要数控加工。使用计算机自动编程时，程序修改不方便，加工程序编制时间长。通过分析椭球形电极表面加工工艺，分别给出球刀、立铣刀、牛鼻刀加工椭球表面的刀路算法、参数方程及适用范围。并以球刀层切椭球面为例，采用两个嵌套的循环语句编制宏程序，可使用G65指令调用，相当于给数控系统增加了一个固定循环功能，实现了该类零件加工程序的参数化，提高了加工程序的编制速度，可用于椭球、球类零件表面的铣削加工。通过一个具体实例对宏程序进行了验证。