某型航空发动机燃油喷嘴旋流室的微细电解加工研究

摘要

Aimed at fuel injection nozzles of a type of aero engine are difficult to cut with traditional machining methods because of the following problems of micro-sized and hard material, the principle and set-up of electrochemical micromachining and device were introduced.A micro-rod tool electrode and a triangle-hooked electrode were made.Rough machining process with layered electrochemi-cal milling was used to remove remained material of the part, and finish machining process with swirl-scanning electrochemical milling was applied to machine the full surface of the swirl chamber.The micro-sized swirl chamber with high precision and good surface rough-ness of an aero engine nozzle was achieved with electrochemical micromachining technology.Study results show that electrochemical milling micromachining is a feasible and effective method to machine micro-structures of metal parts.%针对某型航空发动机燃油喷嘴结构尺寸微小、 材料硬度较高、 切削加工困难等问题,介绍了微细电解加工的原理和实验装置,制备了微细棒状工具电极和三角形钩状成形电极,利用分层电解铣削进行粗加工快速去除工件多余材料,再利用环形扫描电解铣削进行旋流室全锥面的精加工,实现了发动机喷嘴微小尺寸旋流室的微细电解加工成形,达到加工精度和表面质量要求.研究表明,微细电解铣削加工是加工金属材料微小结构的有效可行的方法.