低速重载开式齿轮齿条传动润滑状态分析∗

摘要

采用三峡升船机齿条性能评定试验装置，研究低速重载、频繁换向条件下开式齿轮齿条的润滑状态。对开式齿轮齿条油膜厚度计算模型中润滑油的压黏系数进行修正以适用高黏度润滑油，利用油膜厚度准则对开式齿轮齿条的润滑状态进行分析。结果表明，采用油膜厚度准则能相对准确地判断低速重载开式齿轮齿条传动的润滑状态；转速、载荷对润滑状态有很大的影响，齿轮齿条换向时，润滑状况相对恶劣，易磨损、胶合，应尽量减小载荷和齿面粗糙度，增大润滑油黏度。%The lubrication state of open pinion and rack under conditions of low⁃speed,heavy⁃load and frequent chan⁃ging of directions was researched on the rack performance assessment test device of the Three Gorges Ship Lift.The pres⁃sure⁃viscosity coefficient in the calculation model of oil film thickness in open pinion and rack was modified for high⁃vis⁃cosity lubricating oil.The lubrication state of open pinion and rack was analyzed according to the criterion of oil film thick⁃ness.The results show that the lubrication state of open pinion and rack under low⁃speed and heavy⁃load conditions can be relatively accurate judged by using the criterion of oil film thickness.Speed and load have a great influence on lubrication state,the lubrication condition gets bad and tooth face is easy to be worn or welded while the motion directions of pinion and rack are changing.Thereby,the load and the roughness of tooth surface should be reduced and lubricating oil viscosity should be increased to improve the lubrication state.