西安兴庆宫公园冬季鸟类群落特征与生境关系研究

摘要

Using the sample point method and line transect method,we did a survey about the winter birds community ecological status in Park of Xingqing Palace in Xi'an from December 2015 to February 2016.The result showed that there were 6 orders,17 families and 28 species winter birds in the park,including 22 species of residents,4 species of winter migrants,2 species of escape birds.The resident birds is in the majority of the winter birds.Analysis showed?that in seven different habitat the dominance,density in the arbor were highest, while the quantity and diversity in arbor and shrub and herb were highest,the evenness in herb was highest,the quantity,densityin water were low,the diversity evenness in arbor were lowest,and the evenness in?arbor and shrub and herb was lowest.According to the investigation results to put forward several proposals to the urban park for the protection of birds.%2015年12月至2016年2月，采用样点法和样线法相结合的调查方法，对西安市兴庆宫公园冬季鸟类群落生态特征进行了调查研究。结果表明，兴庆宫公园冬季鸟类共有6目17科28种，有留鸟22种，冬候鸟4种，逃逸鸟2种，留鸟构成了冬季鸟类的主体，冬候鸟种类较少。分析表明，在划分的7种不同生境中，乔木生境鸟类群落的优势度和密度最高，乔灌草生境的多样性和物种数最高，草地生境的均匀度最高，水域生境的物种数、密度最低，乔木生境的多样性、均匀度最低，乔灌草生境的优势度最低。根据调查结果对西安城市公园建设和鸟类保护提出建议。