Oncolytic virus can selectively kill cancer cells and normal cells are generally left intact. Nearly 10 kinds of oncolytic viruses have been developed in recent years. Vaccinia virus has an enormous use in humans for the eradication of smallpox. In addition, vaccinia virus replicates rapidly, has highly immunogenic and well-known side effect. Genetic modified vaccinia virus can selectively replicate and lyse tumor cells. The reported oncolytic vaccinia virus researches mainly based on the backbone of Western Reverse strain, Wyeth strain, Lister strain and Copenhagen strain. There is no related report about Tian-Tan strain.%溶瘤病毒可靶向性杀伤肿瘤细胞而不对正常细胞产生杀伤作用.近几年已开发出十余种溶瘤病毒.痘苗病毒曾在全球消灭天花行动中被广泛使用,并且有着复制速度快、免疫原性强、副作用明确等优点.痘苗病毒经过基因改造,可以选择性地在肿瘤细胞中复制并裂解细胞.目前,用于溶瘤痘苗病毒改造的主要有痘苗病毒Western Reverse株、Wyeth株、Lister株和Copenhagen株,我国使用的痘苗病毒天坛株尚未有相关报道.
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