2011-2015年某院孕产妇输血前传染病标志物流行趋势及临床意义

摘要

目的 回顾性分析该院2011-2015年住院孕产妇4种输血前传染标志物[乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)、丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)、梅毒螺旋体(TP)、人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)]的检测结果及临床意义.方法 收集该院2011年1月至2015年12月共31 579例住院孕产妇4种输血前传染病标志物的检测结果.分析孕产妇感染4种传染病标志物的阳性率及人口学特征,比较4种指标随时间变化而变化的趋势.结果 2011-2015年,该院4种输血前传染病标志物5年的总体阳性检出率分别为14.211%、11.672%、8.444%、8.041%、6.572%,呈逐年下降趋势(P<0.05).其中HCV阳性率逐年上升(P<0.05),需重点关注.年龄大于35岁住院孕妇TP、HCV、HBsAg患者阳性率显著升高(P<0.05),为重点防控人群.结论 输血前传染性标志物的监测和预防有利于避免相关疾病的垂直传播,推进优生优育和全面提高人口素质.%Objective To investigate the epidemic and significance of four infective markers [hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HbsAg),hepatitis C virus (HCV),Treponema pallidum (TP) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)] before blood transfusion in hospitalized pregnant and maternal women from 2011 to 2015.Methods A total of 31 579 cases of pregnant and maternal women were collected from the first affiliated hospital of Chongqing medical university from 2011 to 2015.HBsAg,HCV,TP and HIV were detected and the positive markers were analyzed statistically by SPSS16.0.And the positive rates,demographic characteristics and the changes of the markers following by the time were also analyzed.Results From 2011 to 2015,the total positive rates of four infected markers of five years before blood transfusion were 14.211%,11.672%,8.444%,8.041% and 6.572% respectively,which decreased year by year (P<0.05).On the contrary,the positive rate of HCV increased year by year (P<0.05),which needed us give much more attention.The positive rates of TP,HCV and HBsAg in the women aged above 35 years old were significantly higher than other age groups (P<0.05).Conclusion The detection of markers related to infection disease before blood transfusion could decrease the complication and improve the health.