2007年11月～2008年2月,利用非损伤性取样法,在太行山猕猴国家级自然保护区采集到3个地理单元、5个野生种群猕猴个体的粪便样品,并从22份样品中提取到DNA,在此基础上,分析和探讨了野生太行山猕猴种群的遗传多样性状况及种群遗传结构.结果表明:①在341 bp的mtDNA控制区序列中发现11个变异位点,其中转换和颠换的位点分别为9个和2个；②在3个地理单元中,共定义了9种单倍型；③AMOVA分析结果表明,88.02％和11.03％的遗传变异分别发生在各地理单元间和各种群间,而地理单元内的各种群间的遗传变异仅占0.95％,且济源、焦作和新乡3个地理单元间存在着显著的遗传分化(P＜0.01),无共享单倍型；④济源黄楝树种群具有最多的单倍型数(3),最高的单倍型多样性(0.833),最高的核苷酸多样性(0.002 93)和最高的平均核苷酸差异数(1.000).因此,从保护物种基因多样性的角度考虑,建议自然保护区管理部门将该种群列为优先保护单元.%From November 2007 to February 2008, mtDNA-based population genetic diversity of rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatto tcheliensis) was investigated. Fecal samples were collected 5 separated groups among of 3 geographical units in Taihangshan Macaque National Nature Reserve (TMNNR) (35° ll'N, 112°16'E) in Henan, China. Total 22 mtDNA were extracted and used for genetic diversity analysis among different populations. The results showed that: ①the length of D-loop of mtDNA genome within 22 samples was 341 bp. Total 11 mutation sites, 9 of transition and 2 of trans version, were identified among 22 samples; ②there 9 haplotypes were found from 22 sequences within 3 geographical units; ③the results from AMOVA indicated that 88. 02% and 11. 03% of the genetic variation happened among groups and within populations, respectively, while there 0.95% of the genetic variations occurred within groups. There were significant genetic differentiation, while no shared haplotypes being found, among Jiyuan, Jiaozuo and Xinxiang geographic units (P < 0.01); and ④among the tested groups, Huanglianshu group in Jiyuan exhibited the highest haplotype number (3), the most haplotype diversity (0. 833) , the most nucleotide diversity (0. 002 93 ) and the most average number of nucleotide differences (1.000). The results implied that Huanglianshu group should be protected with priority in the point of genetic diversity.
展开▼
