郑州市4所医院护士职业生命质量影响因素分析

摘要

目的:分析不同人口学特征护士的职业生命质量(QWL)差异,确定重点保护对象.方法:选择郑州市2所3级医院、2所2级医院,随机抽取461名护士,采用QWL量表对其调查分析.结果:女性护士QWL总分及满意度、自豪感、胜任感、主动性得分高于男性护士(t=3.024、4.056、5.534、4.388和4.211,P<0.05);不同年龄护士QWL总分、心理健康、满意度和平衡感得分差异有统计学意义(F=3.999、4.959、3.578和7.895,P<0.05),36～55岁年龄组最高,26～岁年龄组最低;不同婚姻状况护士的胜任感、主动性和平衡感得分差异有统计学意义(F=5.285、3.776和3.542,P<0.05),未婚护士的胜任感和主动性得分较低,但平衡感得分较高;不同月收入护士的胜任感得分差异有统计学意义(F=8.547,P<0.001),随着月收入的增加,护士的胜任感得分逐渐升高;不同学历的护士其QWL状况差异无统计学意义.结论:男性、26～岁年龄段、未婚和低收入的护士QWL较差,是医院管理者关注的重点.%Aim:To study the difference in quality of work of life nurses' with different demographic characteristics. Methods:A total of 461 nurses selected from two tertiary hospitals and two secondary hospitals by randomization were investigated by the QWL7-32. Results:Male nurses' scores were significantly lower than female nurses in quality of work of life and their satisfaction, pride, competence, and initiation ( t = 3. 024 ,4. 056 ,5. 534 ,4. 388 and 4. 211 ,P <0. 05 ). The scores in quality of work of life, psychological heath, satisfaction and sense of balance had significant difference( F = 3.999,4.959,3.578and 7.895.P <0.05 ), among which, the group of 26 ~ years were the lowest, and the group of 36 ~ 55 years were the highest . The nurses unmarried had lower scores in sense of competence and initiation, and those married had higher scores in sense of balance ( F = 5. 285 ,3.776 and 3. 542,P < 0. 05 ). Along with the increase of income, the sense of competence scores was growing( F = 8. 547 ,P < 0. 001 ). There was no significant difference in the quality of workrnlife scores among nurses with different educational background. Conclusion:The nurses who are males, at the age of 26 ~ years, unmarried and with low-income are poorer in quality of work life.