下前牙松牙固定的生物力学分析

摘要

目的:从生物力学角度探讨2种松牙固定术(不锈钢丝和百强固位纤维)分散咬合力的效果,从而为临床上选择松牙固定方法提供一定的指导.方法:收集CBCT图像,转换成三维有限元模型,模拟加载正常咬合力(轴向和唇舌向45°),观察下前牙行2种牙周夹板固定前后牙槽骨和牙周膜的应力变化.结果:在牙槽骨水平型吸收模型中,加载轴向力时,百强固位纤维固定后应力减小值大于不锈钢丝固定,加载45°侧向力时,2种夹板固定后的应力减小值相近;在垂直型牙槽骨吸收模型中,加载轴向力时,不锈钢丝固定后应力减小值大于百强固位纤维固定,加载45°侧向力时,百强固位纤维固定后的应力减小值大于不锈钢丝固定.结论:从生物力学角度分析,对于水平型吸收病例,百强固位纤维分散应力效果更好;对于垂直型吸收病例,不锈钢丝和百强固位纤维分散咬合力的效果各有优势.%Aim:To explore the effects of the BiosplintTM periodontal splints and stainless steel wire periodontal splints on dispersing bite forces of loosed mandibular anterior teeth.Methods: This research selected CBCT images of 2 kinds of alveolar bone resorption(horizontal resorption and vertical resorption) and transformed the images into three-dimensional fi-nite element models. Finally,under two kinds of bite forces(axial and lateral 45°),the alveolar bone and periodontal mem-brane stress variations were observed after fixing 2 kinds of periodontal splints.Results:In the horizontal resorption case, under the axial force,the periodontal tissue stress of the model fixed by the BiosplintTM decreased more obviously than that fixed by stainless steel wire;under the lateral force,the periodontal tissue stress of the model fixed by the BiosplintTM and stainless steel wire decreased similarly. In the vertical resorption case, the periodontal tissue stress of the model fixed by stainless steel wire decreased more obviously than that fixed by the BiosplintTM under the axial force,while under the lateral force the stress decreased on the contrary. Conclusion: From the biomechanical view, in the horizontal resorption case, the effect of the BiosplintTM is better than that of stainless steel wire. In the vertical resorption case,two kinds of periodon-tal splints are both effective.