The research progress of porous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) materials that target for the gas storage and separation was introduced,and its application in CO2 storage/separation and C2H2 gas storage was summarized.It was pointed out that MOFs materials with different pore properties had different effects on CO2 storage and separation and C2H2 gas storage,the performance of the composites could be controlled by controlling the size,shape and functional groups of the MOFs materials.At the same time,the structure-activity relationship of the synthesiczed material by means of single crystal diffraction technique and in situ characterization so as to optimize the performance of MOFs materials.However,most MOFs materials have poor water stability,which could be improved by using an organic ligand containing a hydrophobic group and a high-valent metal cluster (e.g.,Cr3+,Zr4+,etc.) as a molecular-based building unit of MOFs materials.The adsorption selectivity of MOFs materials to specific gas had a large room for improvement,and this problem could be achieved by designing and synthesizing MOFs materials with dynamic adsorption behavior.In addition,the use of molecular simulation technology could really put the structure and function of the material to the design level in the future,thus saving experimental costs.%综述了具有气体吸附和分离功能的多尺度孔道型金属-有机框架(MOFs)材料的研究背景及其在CO2储存、分离和C2H2气体储存方面的应用.指出,具有不同孔道性质的MOFs材料对CO2的储存与分离及C2H2气体储存方面的影响不同,可以通过控制MOFs材料孔道的尺寸、形状、孔道内的官能团来准确地控制其性能;同时,借助单晶衍射技术与原位表征手段(例如原位粉末衍射及红外光谱)可以考察合成材料的构效关系,从而指导MOFs材料的性能优化.然而,部分MOFs材料的水稳定性较差,如果使用含有疏水基团的有机配体及高价态的金属簇(例如Cr3+,Zr4+等)作为MOFs分子基构筑单元的方式,有望增强MOFs材料的水稳定性;MOFs材料对专一气体的吸附选择性还有待提升,或可通过设计合成具有动态吸附行为的MOFs材料得以实现.此外,利用分子模拟技术,未来有望真正地将材料的结构与功能提到设计层面,以节约研究成本.
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