长期电离辐射对介入放射人员造血系统和细胞遗传学的影响

摘要

Objective:To investigate hematopoiesis and cytogenetics changes in staff of interventional radiology. Methods:A total of 121 intervention radiation workers, 245 common radiation workers and 100 medical personnel ( healthy control ) without exposure to radiation were enrolled in the study. The peripheral lymphocyte chromosomal aberrations and micronucleus were detected, and the result of white blood cells examination was analyzed. Results: Compared with common radiation group and healthy control group, decreases in white blood cells count, neutrophil ratio, and increase in lymphocyte ratio were observed in intervention radiation group ( all P <0. 05 ) . Intervention radiation group had higher chromosome aberration rate and micronuclear rate than common radiation group and healthy control group ( all P <0. 05). Most common chromosome aberrations were dicentric chromosome, acentric ring, fragments and minute chromosome. Abnormal rates in chromosome aberration and micronucleus rates were increased with the rise of length of service, but no statistically significant difference was observed ( P >0. 05 ) . Conclusion: Long term exposure to ionizing radiation may lead to changes in the human hematopoietic system and cause human chromosome aberration, and the severity of such injuries may be associated with the dose of ionizing radiation.%目的：：了解长期从事介入放射工作人员的造血功能和细胞遗传学情况。方法：对介入放射人员121名、普通放射人员245名及无射线接触的其他医务人员100名进行淋巴细胞染色体畸变分析与微核率检测，同时分析白细胞检测结果。结果：血常规检查结果显示，介入放射组白细胞计数、中性粒细胞比例降低，淋巴细胞比例升高，与普通放射组和对照组间差异具有统计学意义(均P<0．05)。介入放射组染色体畸变率高于对照组和普通放射组(均P<0．05)，染色体畸变主要为双着丝粒体、无着丝粒环、断片和微小体。微核率检测结果显示，介入放射组的微核率高于对照组和普通放射组，差异有统计学意义( P<0．05或P<0．01)。介入放射人员染色体畸变率和微核率异常比例随着工龄的增加而增加，但不同工龄间差异无统计学意义( P>0．05)。结论：长期接触电离辐射可导致人体造血系统变化和人体染色体损伤，这种异常的程度可能与接触电离辐射的剂量有关。