葡萄炭疽病病原菌分离鉴定及其效用杀菌剂筛选

摘要

为明确引起葡萄炭疽病的病原种类和分类地位,以及不同杀菌剂对该病原菌的室内防治效果,采用形态学观察和核糖体DNA内转录间隔区(rDNA-ITS)序列扩增等方法对疑似菌株进行了分离鉴定,并采用菌丝生长速率法测定了6种杀菌剂对该病原菌的室内抑制作用.结果表明,导致葡萄炭疽病的病原菌为半知菌亚门腔孢纲胶孢炭疽菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides).所选6种杀菌剂对该病原菌菌丝生长的抑制效果差异极显著(P<0.01),其中:肟菌· 戊唑醇对病原菌的抑制效果最好,苯醚甲环唑次之,其有效抑制中浓度(EC50)分别为3.54和6.64μg·mL-1;嘧菌酯的抑制效果最差,EC50为2383.81μg·mL-1.肟菌· 戊唑醇和苯醚甲环唑可进一步用于葡萄炭疽病田间病害的防治研究.%To identify the pathogen inducing grape anthracnose , classification , and effect of different fungi-cides for pathogen control in laboratory , morphological observation , amplification of ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer ( rDNA ITS) sequence and estimation of mycelial growth rate were performed .The results showed that the strain which led to grape anthracnose pathogen was Colletotrichum gloeosporioides.Inhibitation effect was significantly different from one another during the six selected fungicides .( P<0.01) , of which tri-floxystrobin tebuconazole showed the highest rate of mycelial grow inhibitation , followed by difenoconazole , with half maximal effective concentration (EC50) values of 3.54μg· mL-1 and 6.64μg· mL-1, respective-ly.While azoxystrobin had the lowest inhibitation effect on grape anthracnose , with the EC50 value of 2383.81 μg· mL-1 .Trifloxystrobin tebuconazole and difenoconazole could be further used to detect the inhi-bition effect of field assay .