土屋民居文化遗产保护初探

摘要

Earthy house dwellings is a kind of curtilage-type building in which live the most population in the world, until the end of 20th century, there are at least one-third of the population lived in this building in the world. This kind of residence has already appeared and continued to the present for thousands of years since humans began to build a bedroom from cave life. It not only has the foundational status and value in the history of the building, but also"represents a kind of civilization":a kind of civilization records of human survival way and the typical example of farming culture. Earthy house dwellings culture, which merges the nature and the Chi-nese traditional humanity aesthetic imagery, integrates landscape and rural beauty and hermit culture rhyme, and creates the "of course"approach for the modern urban tired people of thirsting for release. This cultural heritage tends to destroy instantly in the new rural construction and modernization reform, whose rescue and protection are ignored due to the history preference of cultural studies. Its development and utilization gestates huge market value because of the"Destruction-type"disappearance of earthy house and soul desires of modern urban people.%土屋民居是世界上居住人口最多的一种宅式建筑，至少到上世纪末世界上还有三分之一的人口住在这种建筑里。这种住居方式自人类开始脱离穴居生活建造居室时起就已经出现，延续数千年以至今日。它不仅在建筑史上具有基础性的地位和价值，而且“代表着一种文明”：一种人类生存方式的文明记录和农耕文化的典型范例。土屋民居文化融自然与中国传统人文审美意象于一体，集山水田园之美与隐逸文化之韵，创造了现代都市倦态与都市空间狭隘渴求释放的“当然”途径。这一文化遗产在新农村建设与现代化的双重改造中“瞬间”趋于毁灭，其拯救与保护由于文化研究的历史偏好而被忽视，其开发与利用由于土屋的“毁灭式”消失和现代都市的心灵渴求而孕育着巨大的市场价值。