抚育方式对次生杉阔混交林林下更新及物种多样性的影响

摘要

Different tending patterns(thinning 15%+weeding and shrub cutting, thinning 15%, weeding and shrub cutting) were conducted in 2010 in 20-year mixedCunninghamia lanceolata with broad leaf forest located in Hushan Forest Farm of Suichang, Zhejiang province. Investigations in 2014 on understorey regeneration and plant diversity demonstrated that three tending patterns were in favor of understorey natural regeneration of vegetation and plant diversity compared with the control(no treatment), especially the pattern of thinning 15%+weeding and shrub cutting (P < 0.05). Tending pattern of weeding and shrub cutting had the most influence on individual density of small arbor species (P < 0.05). Shannon-Wienner diversity index of herb layer with thinning 15% was higher than with weeding and shrub cutting (P < 0.05). Understorey wood and herb species richness and coverage was ordered by thinning 15%+weeding and shrub cutting> thinning 15%>weeding and shrub cutting>control. Thinning 15%+weeding and shrub cutting had great positive relation with understorey regeneration of arbor species and shrub growth, while weeding and shrub cutting had important role in small arbor growth.%以浙江省遂昌县湖山林场平均年龄20 a的杉阔混交林为对象，2010年采用15%间伐兼全割灌除草、15%间伐和全割灌除草抚育3种不同抚育方式，2014年对抚育样地和对照调查林下植被更新及物种多样性。结果表明：与对照相比，3种抚育方式均有利于林下植被更新和物种多样性；林下乔木更新树种幼苗的种密度和个体密度明显增加，其中以间伐兼全割灌除草抚育尤为显著（P <0.05）；与间伐抚育相比，全割灌除草对小乔木的个体密度影响更大（P <0.05）；间伐抚育草本层Shanno-Winner多样性指数显著高于割灌除草（P <0.05）；林下木本和草本丰富度和盖度表现为间伐兼全割灌除草>间伐抚育>全割灌除草>对照样地；间伐兼全割灌除草和间伐抚育对乔木树种的更新和林下灌草的生长效果尤为明显，而全割灌除草对林下小乔木的萌生有较大促进作用。