上虞主栽杨梅品种枝梢生长与结果习性观察

摘要

2016年3-11月,采用田间试验结合实验室分析的方法,观察研究浙江上虞区'深红种''Shenhongzhong','水晶种''Shuijingzhong','荸荠种''Biqizhong'和'东魁''Dongkui'4个杨梅主栽品种的枝梢生长与结果习性.结果表明,4个品种开花从早到迟的顺序依次为'荸荠种'、'深红种'、'水晶种'、'东魁',其开花顺序与果实成熟顺序相对一致;春梢发生数从大到小为'深红种'>'水晶种'>'东魁'>'荸荠种';'深红种'杨梅以树冠中下部、中部结果为主,'水晶种'则以树冠中部结果为主,'东魁'以树冠中部、中上部结果为主,'荸荠种'以树冠中下部、中部、中上部结果为主;各杨梅品种果实纵横径、果质量、核质量生长曲线不尽相同,但各品种的基本变化规律相近,果质量前期生长平缓,后期快速生长;4个杨梅品种果实的营养品质存在差异,其口感色泽各不相同,其中'深红种'果实的各品质指标表现优良.%Field experiment and determinations were conducted from March to November of 2016 on shoot growth and fruiting of four cultivars of Myricarubra, namely 'Shenhongzhong', 'Shuijingzhong', 'Biqizhong' and 'Dongkui'in Shangyu, Zhejiang province.The results showed that the order of flowering time was'Biqizhong', 'Shenhongzhong', 'Shuijingzhong', and 'Dongkui' and their fruit mature time was the relatively similar order.The number of spring shoots was'Shenhongzhong'>'Shuijingzhong'>'Dongkui'>'Biqizhong'.Fruit setting of'Shenhongzhong'was at middle and lower middle part of the crown,while that of'Shuijingzhong'at middle of the crown,that of'Dongkui'at middle and upper part of the crown, that of'Biqizhong'was at middle, lower and upper part of the crown.There were differences of length,breadth and weight of the fruit,weight of stone among different cultivars,but they had similar growth regularity.Nutrient contents in the tested cultivars had differences with varied flavors and colors,among them,'Shenhongzhong'had the best performance.