以往的区域社会史评述主要从历史学的学科边界进行分析,或者着重强调历史人类学对区域社会史的影响.20世纪90年代以来,中国区域史引入了人类学的研究方法和社会学的研究理论,逐渐形成了一种以历史上民众为研究主体,注重国家与社会之间互动,在一定领域和区域进行中观层面的区域社会史研究.与人类学联系紧密的区域社会史注重"走向田野"收集资料,华南和华北的农村变迁被重新解读.社会学的研究取向发展出"新社会史",更注重社会学意义上复杂的"现代性"对近代中国的改变,主要呈现出近代以来中国城市的多样性.两者在研究方法和研究理论上并无实质性差异,并出现了不断融合的趋势,可以放在区域社会史的概念框架下进行分析.区域社会史是社会史吸收不同学科方法之后,不断调整边界的结果,未来区域社会史研究仍然会不断打破学科内部和学科之间的界限,不断地重构和再现中国历史.%Previous studies of regional social history have mainly focused on the disciplinary bounda-ries of history or highlighted the impacts of historical anthropology on regional social history.Since the 1990s,the anthropological research methods and the sociological theories have been introduced to the study of the regional history of China,which has gradually promoted the study of the regional so-cial history of China that takes the common people in history as the subjects,pays attention to the in-teraction between state and society,and carries out a meso-level analysis of certain areas.The study of the regional history of China has a close relationship with anthropology,dedicates itself to the col-lection of field-work data,and reinterprets the social changes of the rural areas in southern and north-ern China.The sociological approach contributes much to the development of "a new social history"and lays more emphasis on the change of modern China caused by the complex "modernity"in a socio-logical sense,which is mainly reflected in the urban diversity since early modern China.There is no substantial difference between the two approaches.Instead,there is a trend of continuous integration, which can be analyzed under the conceptual framework of regional social history.Regional social his-tory is the result of constantly adjusting the boundaries of social history with a multi-interdisciplinary orientation.In the future,the study of regional social history will continue to break the intradisci-plinary and interdisciplinary boundaries,and constantly reconstruct and reproduce Chinese history.
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