In order to evaluate the efficacy of the implantation of a temporalis muscle periosteal valve in an open radical mastoidectomy cavity, 60 patients with otitis media of the cholesteatoma type were randomly divided into two groups, group A (27 cases) and group B (33 cases). After the radical mastoidectomy and its modification, patients in group A were implanted with a temporalis muscle periosteal valve and group B received no special treatment. The therapeutic efficacy was observed half a year later. Results showed that the rate of dry ear in group A was 96.3% (26/27) and that in group B was 75.8% (25/33). There was a significant statistical differences between these two groups (P<0.05). This data indicates that the temporalis muscle periosteal valve implantation in a radical mastoidectomy is a method that can facilitate epithelial metaplasia to help them achieve a dry ear and prevent the recurrence of cholesteatoma.%为评价开放式乳突根治术腔植入颞肌骨膜瓣的疗效，将60例胆脂瘤型中耳炎病人随机分为两组，施行开放式乳突根治术及其改良手术后，A组27例术腔植入颞肌骨膜瓣，B组33例术腔未作特别处理，术后半年观察两组疗效。结果显示：干耳率A组96.3%(26/27)，B组75.8%(25/33)，两组比较P<0.05，差异有高度显著性。认为乳突根治术腔植入颞肌骨膜瓣是促进术腔上皮化，使术后获得干耳，防止或减少胆脂瘤复发的有效方法。
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