淮海地区汉族成年人外鼻的三维测量与分析

摘要

Objective To obtain the soft tissue data of external nose of Han adults in Huaihai region,and to provide objective and reliable preoperative reference basis for patients with nasal defect repair in this region.Methods A total of 254 Han Chinese adults,119 males and 135 females were collected and the three-dimensional peramiters of the external nose was detected using a 3D laser scanner.Fourteen measurement markers were selected according to the research design.Geomagic Qualify software was used to measure and calculate 12 linear distances,5 angles and 7 proportional indexes.Results The majority of Han adults in Huaihai area are middle nose type(56.69%),followed by narrow nose type(40.55%),and the other nose types are less common.In linear distance measurement items,the length,width,height,depth,columella length,columella width,canthus spacing,alar basal width,alar length,alar thickness,nostril width and nostril height of males were higher than those of females.There was no significant difference in the thickness of nostril between males and females(P>0.05),but there was significant difference in other measurement items(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in sex of alar angle(P>0.05)and other measurement angles(P<0.01);there was no significant difference between males and females in nasal depth-nasal width index and columella width-nasal width index(P>0.05),nasal index,nasal columella width index(P>0.05),nasal index,nasal columella width index(P>0.05).The nasal bridge index and other gender differences were significant(P<0.05).Conclusions This study can provide valuable external nasal data for the reconstruction of nasal defects in Huaihai area,so as to create a more suitable external nose for the local environment.%目的 获取淮海地区汉族成年人外鼻软组织数据,为本地区鼻缺损修复患者提供客观可靠的术前参考依据.方法 采用三维激光扫描仪对254例淮海地区汉族成年人(其中男性119例,女性135例)的外鼻进行三 维测量.根据研究设计选择了14个测量标记点,应用Geomagic Qualify软件测量计算12个线性距离、5个角度、7个比例指数,利用SPSS 19.0软件对数据进行统计分析.结果 淮海地区汉族成年人以中鼻型为主(56.69%),狭鼻型(40.55%)次之,其余鼻型较少.线性距离测量项目中鼻长、鼻宽、鼻高、鼻深、鼻小柱长、鼻小柱宽、内眦间距、鼻翼基底宽、鼻翼长、鼻翼厚度、鼻孔宽、鼻孔高男性均大于女性,其中鼻翼厚度性别差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),其余测量项目性别差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);角度测量项目鼻尖角、鼻唇角、鼻翼角、鼻面角男性大于女性,而鼻额角男性小于女性,其中鼻翼角性别差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),其余测量角度性别差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);在比例指数中,鼻深-鼻宽指数、鼻小柱宽-鼻宽指数性别差异无统计学意义(p>0.05),鼻指数、鼻梁指数等性别差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 本研究可为淮海地区鼻缺损患者行全鼻再造手术提供有参考价值的外鼻数据,从而打造出更为适应当地环境的外鼻.