“高第”略考

摘要

The normal explanation of the word ＂Gaodi＂ in historical records of Han refers to ＂distinguished in the examination or standing out in official service rating＂ etc..However,the word ＂Recommend Gaodi＂ appears frequently in Hou Han Shu and San Guo Zhi.And looking up related historical records and comparing with the examination procedure such as ＂Recommend Xiaolian＂ and ＂Recommend Maocai＂ which are the recommendatory system＇s annual subjects,we will find that ＂Gaodi＂ is indeed one of the subjects of the recommendatory system in the Han Dynasty,especially in the Eastern Han Dynasty.%汉朝史籍中常见＂高第＂一词,通行的解释是＂经过考核,成绩优秀,名列前茅;官吏的考绩优等＂等等。然而在《后汉书》和《三国志》中却有大量＂举高第＂之类的词语出现,查阅相关史料,并与＂举孝廉＂、＂举茂才＂等岁科察举科目的运作程序相比较,＂高第＂在两汉时期（尤其是东汉）确实为察举制的一种科目,并且属于常科。