豫北地区中老年以心血管疾病就诊患者的流行病学研究

摘要

Objective To investigate the prevalence and common reason of cardiovascular disease of aged people in north of Henan province, and in order to provide basis for the early prevention. Methods Retrospective analysis was conducted on 64 980 patients with cardiovascular disease during 2006.09 -2009.09 who were selected in this study. Standard ascertainment method was used for the study. Epidemiology of the cases with cardiovascular disease was studied and the results were analyzed. Results Statistical results showed that admission rate of cardiovascular disease was 30. 73％ (19967 cases) over the last 3 years. The common disease were coronary heart disease ( 48. 79％ ) , hypertension ( 31. 43％ ), cardiomyopathy (11. 61％ )and rheumatic heart disease(7.99％ ). Attack rate of coronary heart disease and hypertension were 30. 64％ and 30. 00％ in aged people of 60 - 69 years old. Patients of myocardiopathy and rheumatic heart disease were young. Conclusion Coronary heart disease occupies the primacy,which in turn is hypertension and cardiomyopathy,rheumatic's incidence is the lowest. Health education should be done according to age of onset to reduce the incidence rate.%目的 探讨豫北地区中老年以心血管疾病就诊患者的常见病因及患病率,为早期预防提供依据.方法 回顾性分析豫北地区2006年9月至2009年9月新乡医学院第一附属医院就诊的64 980人次心血管疾病患者的临床资料.采用国际通用的标准化调查方法,在确诊的心血管疾病住院患者中进行流行病学调查并统计结果.结果 3 a间因心血管疾病住院19 967人次(30.73%),常见病因依次为冠心病(48.79%)、高血压病(31.43%)、心肌病(11.61%)和风湿性心脏病(7.99%).冠心病和高血压病的高发年龄均在60～69岁,其发病率分别是30.64%和30.00%,而心肌病和风湿性心脏病的高发年龄在青、壮年时期.结论 冠心病居于首位,之后依次是高血压病和心肌病,而风湿性心脏病发病率最低.常见疾病的高发年龄不同,应加强早期预防及健康教育,以减少心血管疾病发病率.