新疆洛浦县核桃叶斑病发病因素及相关性分析

摘要

为了明确新疆洛浦县核桃叶斑病发病影响因素,于2016年8月在洛浦县对核桃叶斑病的发病程度及相关因素进行了调查.结果表明,'新新2'核桃品种发病最重,与'温185'、'扎343'和'新丰'的发病程度存在显著差异(P<0.05);处于幼树期和初果期的核桃树,其叶斑病发生程度重于盛果期及衰老期的树木,且初果期的发病程度与其他3个时期存在显著差异(P<0.05);随着果园郁闭度的增加,病情有减轻趋势;间作小麦后复播玉米的林地,病害发生程度低于间作蔬菜(番茄、辣椒、萝卜),且差异显著(P<0.05);果园卫生状况好的病情明显小于卫生差的;核桃基腐病、腐烂病会加重核桃叶斑病的发生.通过逐步回归分析得出的数学模型表明,品种是影响叶斑病发生的最重要的因子,其次是生育期和郁闭度.%In order to make clear the main influence factors on the walnut leaf spot disease in Xinjiang, the severity of walnut leaf spot disease and relevant factors were investigated in Luopu County in August 2016.The results found that the injury degree of 'Xinxin2' walnut variety was the most serious,with significant injury degree in the incidence of 'Wen185', 'Zha343' and 'Xinfeng' (P<0.05);During brush stage and primary fruit stage, occurrence degree of walnut leaf spot was much worse than those at the full fruit stage and senescence phase,and there were significant differences between the initial stage and the other 3 periods (P<0.05).With the increase of orchard's canopy density,the disease had a downward trend;In the field where maize was planted after wheat harvesting, occurrence degree of the disease was lower than those of the planting vegetables,such as tomatoes,peppers,carrots,with a significant difference (P<0.05);Severity of the walnut leaf spot in the orchard with fine sanitary conditions was significantly less than that in poor sanitary conditions;Walnut stalk rot and walnut canker could aggravate degree of the walnut leaf spot.The mathematical model of stepwise regression analysis showed that the variety was the most important factor of all influencing the disease, followed by growth period and canopy density.