非均匀预紧载荷下轴承-轴系热特性的试验研究

摘要

Bearing preload plays a vital role in the performance of rotor-bearing system.In general, bearing will be applied with non-uniform preload due to the manufacturing and assembly error.A novel rotor-bearing setup, which includes the small piezoelectric sensor to measure the preloading force and the motorized spindle for driving, is developed to investigate the effect of non-uniform preload on the performance of rotor-bearing system.According to the performance of ball bearings, the experiments including different magnitudes and positions of forces are conducted.From the testing results, it can be concluded as follows:1.The temperature of out ring of bearing under uniform preload is lower than that under non-uniform preload while the moment increasing due to the non-uniform preload.2.Compared with non-uniform preload, the environment temperature and the type of heat dissipation show a greater impact on the temperature of loading bearing in the rotor-bearing system, the positions of bearing which close to the area of heat conduction keep the lowest temperature on the rotor-bearing system in the whole tests.These results illustrate the effect of non-uniform preload on the thermal characteristics of rotorbearing system and provide data for the theoretical research.%合理的轴承预紧是保障轴系性能的关键所在.由于生产制造和装配误差的存在,容易导致轴系中常用的定位和定压预紧方式形成非均匀预紧载荷.针对以上问题,开发了一种采用小型压电测力传感器测量预紧力、由电主轴驱动的试验平台,可用于开展非均匀预紧载荷下轴承-轴系性能试验研究.针对不同方向和大小的非均匀预紧力下的轴系热特性进行了试验,测试结果表明:1.当非均匀预紧力导致弯矩增大时,均匀预紧下该平面上外圈温度值和温升被非均匀预紧下温度值和温升完全包络.2.对比非均匀预紧力,外界环境温度和散热型式对轴系温度场有更显著的影响.受载轴承中接近热传导的区域,其温度明显低于轴承其他区域.该结果直接反映出非均匀预紧载荷对轴承-轴系热特性的影响,同时为理论研究提供了数据支持.