煤矸石是采煤过程中产出的固体废弃物,随着煤炭生产的不断扩大与日俱增.大量煤矸石堆积侵占农田、耕地,造成严重的环境污染,如何高效利用成为急需解决的问题.煤矸石的化学组成以SiO2和Al2O3为主,这些组分正是合成分子筛的主要原料.以煤矸石制备分子筛不但解决了分子筛合成的高成本问题,而且又能提高煤矸石制品的附加值,同时对煤矸石资源化,精细化高效利用提供新的有效途径,达到变废为宝的效果,实现了环保低碳的要求.我国不同矿区煤矸石化学组成成分差异很大,本研究在分析陕西澄合矿区煤矸石化学组分的基础上,改变不同的工艺条件通过添加导向剂和柠檬酸助剂水热法制备4A分子筛,经XRD和SEM表征,成功合成了粒径约为1 ～2 μm性能优良的4A分子筛.%Coal gangue is a kind of solidwastes during procedure of coal extration. With the constant expansion of the coal production, output of coal gangue is growing. Most of the coal gangue accumulate in farmland land and cause severe environmental pollution. How to use coal gangue has become a hotspot. Chemical constitution of coal gangue is mainly in SiO2 and A12O3, these constituents just are main raw material to prepare molecular sieve. Using coal gangue to prepare molecular sieve not only solving high-cost problem, improving added value, reaching the goal in using gangue to recycly and fine efficient u-sing, so as to provide new effective way to achieve the effect of reuse, and realize environmental protection in low carbon requirements. The composition of coal gangue is different greatly in our country. The study mainly focused on chemical analysis of chenghe mining area coal, using different reagents and reaction conditions to prepare high-quality molecular sieve, by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning e-lectron microscope ( SEM) characterization, molecular sieve is prepared by using citric acid and guide agent, the particle size can significantly reduce to about 1～2 μm.
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