为了解决人体头部在空间环境中运动时,头部的不良姿态对人体身心健康的影响,设计了一种三维姿态传感器用于测量人体头部运动姿态.三维姿态传感器以单片机为处理核心,恒温系统保证系统的测量精度,两路MEMS高精度加速度传感器测量X轴和Y轴姿态,MEMS磁强计测量Z轴姿态,测得的姿态信号经过16位ADC转换器进行模数转换后,由单片机完成数据处理,通过CAN将三种初始姿态信息欧拉角、方向余弦和四元数传输到计算机.用户可以根据不同需要选择一种初始数据采用专用软件实时计算所需的姿态角、速度和位移量等姿态信息.通过计算结果分析,得出人们在不同环境空间里人体身心最佳状态时头部运动的角度、速度和位移等的姿态信息范围,为人们在以后的生活和工作中更好的调控人体头部姿态提供一个标准,使人体始终处在一个舒适愉悦的状态.实验结果表明三维姿态传感器的测量精度分别达到0.08°、0.03°、0.05°,达到了一般实际工程的测量精度要求,且此方法快速、简单、切实可行.%A sensor of 3D attitude is designed to measure the human head motion attitude in order to analyze the problem that the defective human head motion attitude affects the physical and mental health. The core is MCU in the 3D attitude sensor, whose constant temperature system can ensure the measurement accuracy of the system. Two high accuracy acceleration sensors of MEMS measure attitude of X axis and Y axis respectively, and MEMS magnetometer measures the attitude of Z axis. After these measurements being converted by 16-bit ADC, data is managed by MCU, and three initial informations, such as eulerian angles, direction cosine and quaternions,are transmited to computer by CAN. One group of initial data can be chosen as needed to calculate attitude angle, rate or displacement of attitude information in real time by dedicated software. The optimum attitude rang of angle, rate or displacement can be obtained by analyzing the results of calculation, for the purpose of providing a reference to adjust the attitude in daily life,which makes people in a comfortable condition. The experimental results show that the measurement accuracies of 3D attitude sensor are 0. 8°,0. 3°and 0. 5°respectively, which satisfies the demand of measurement accuracy in the practical engineering. This method is proved to be rapid, simple and practical.
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