正常商品的替代效应与收入效应研究

摘要

In the textbooks of micro-economics at home and abroad,graphic explanations about the effect of substitution and income for normal goods are very inconsistent.The main difference lies in the different positions of equilibrium points on the new budget line and original line after price reduction of normal goods.Therefore,on the basis of the utility function and budget line equation given to customers,mathematical analysis is carried out about the general effect,substitution effect and income effect after the price reduction and increase of normal goods,which can contribute to understand and master the effect of substitution and income of normal goods completely and accurately.%目前,国内外的微观经济学教科书中,关于正常商品的替代效应和收入效应的图形说明很不一致。主要是关于正常商品降价后新的预算线上的均衡点和原始预算线上的均衡点的位置不同。为此,在给定消费者效用函数和预算线方程的基础上,通过对正常商品降价（涨价）后带来的总效应、替代效应以及收入效应进行数理分析,使人们达到完整准确地理解和掌握正常商品的替代效应和收入效应的目的。