两种麻醉方法对大鼠蛛网膜下腔阻滞模型建立的影响

摘要

Objective To compare the effects of isoflurane and pentobarbital on the establishment of subarachnoid block model in rats.Methods 60 SD rats aged 4 months were randomly divided into Group A (n =30) and Group B (n=30).Rats in Group A received intraperitoncal injection of 10 g/L pentobarbital sodium solution 30 mg/kg and 1/4 of the initial dosage was added according to the operation effect.The induction and maintenance of anesthesia were achieved by isoflurane inhalation in Group B during operation.We recorded the time of anesthesia induction,quality of anesthesia,time of anesthesia,time of operation,and recovery time.The heart rate,respiration frequency,temperature,and saturation of blood oxygen were recorded during operation.We compared death from anesthesia and success of modeling in the two groups.Results There was no significant difference between the groups with regard to age,weight,body temperature or saturation of blood oxygen (P＞ 0.05).Compared to Group B,heart rate decreased 1-60 minutes after anesthesia and respiration frequency decreased 5 minutes after anesthesia in Group A (P＜0.05).The time of anesthesia induction,time of anesthesia,time of operation,and recovery time were shorter in Group B (P＜0.05).The quality of anesthesia was better in Group B (P＜0.05).The success rate of modeling was higher but mortality rate of anesthesia was lower in Group B than in Group A (P＜0.05).Conclusion Compared with intraperitoneal injection of pentobarbital sodium,isoflurane inhalation can provide a better anesthetic effect during the operation to establish a rat model of subarachnoid block.%目的 比较大鼠异氟烷吸入麻醉与戊巴比妥钠腹腔注射麻醉对大鼠蛛网膜下腔阻滞模型建立的影响.方法 将4月龄SD大鼠60只随机分成A、B两组,每组30只.A组大鼠腹腔注射10 g/L戊巴比妥钠溶液30 mg/kg,术中根据需要追加首次剂量的1/4;B组采用吸入麻醉箱对大鼠进行麻醉诱导,并采用大鼠面罩吸入异氟烷维持麻醉,术中根据麻醉深度调节吸人麻醉药的浓度.记录两组大鼠麻醉诱导时间、手术时间、麻醉时间、苏醒时间和术中麻醉效果,观察两组大鼠麻醉前后血氧饱和度、呼吸频率、心率,体温变化情况,以及两组大鼠麻醉死亡和建模成功情况.结果 两组大鼠月龄、体质量、术中血氧饱和度和体温比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).麻醉后1～60 min,A组大鼠心率较B组显著降低(P＜0.05);麻醉后5 min,A组大鼠呼吸频率较B组显著降低(P＜0.05);与A组比较,B组麻醉诱导时间、麻醉维持时间、手术时间和麻醉苏醒时问均显著缩短(P＜0.05);术中B组麻醉效果明显较A组好(P＜0.05);B组大鼠建模成功率明显较A组高,而麻醉死亡率较A组低(P＜0.05).结论 大鼠异氟烷吸入麻醉具有操作简单、麻醉起效快、术中麻醉维持平稳、术后麻醉苏醒迅速等特点,能为大鼠蛛网膜下腔阻滞模型建立提供良好的麻醉效果.