现代小资产阶级知识分子的悲剧成因--以《伤逝》和《寒夜》为例

摘要

通过对《伤逝》和《寒夜》的分析，现代文学中小资产阶级知识分子的悲剧命运成因有两条：一是社会的压迫即时代环境造成的，导致人物自身经济上不能独立，不得不依附曾经反抗过的社会而做出妥协，或者失去反抗的力量任由命运宰割；二是人物自身的性格局限，由于个人奋斗没有与社会解放相结合，人物在遇到挫折后性格容易变得退缩、懦弱甚至扭曲，从而导致自身的悲剧。其出路在于与新的时代的群众相结合，与社会先进力量相结合，把个人解放与社会解放联系起来。%Through the analysis of Mourn the Death and Cold Night, two causes for the tragic fate of petty-bourgeois intellectu-als in the modern literature are revealed.The first one is the oppression of the society or the social surroundings at that time, under which the figures, not being able to be independent economically, had to attach themselves to the society against which they had ever struggled or lost their power t to fight their fate.The second one is the limitations of their own personalities.Because of this, they could not integrate their personal strivings with the social liberation, which resulted in the fact that they tended to become flinched, cowardly or even mentally-distorted when facing with frustration.Thus, their own tragedies were created.The only way out for them is to put themselves into the new masses and advanced social force at that time so as to connect their personal liberation with the social libera-tion.