透析塞尔言语行为理论的哲学内涵

摘要

By mending, supplementing and investigating Austin’s speech act theory, Searle raised indirect speech act theory which expanded studies of meanings of traditional linguistic philosophy beyond the domain of implied meanings, and thus led to inquiry on intentionality. Thus, he gradually explored deeply into the human mind, and established a complete set of speech act theory by effectively combining linguistic philosophy with the philosophy of mind. Additionally, he made clear his position on controversial“metaphysical problem”in the traditional philosophy, which consequently introduced his new ternary analysis on the relationship of the human kind, the language and the world.%赛尔不仅修正、补充了奥斯汀的言语行为理论，而且对该理论深入研究，提出间接言语行为理论，这将传统语言哲学中的意义研究拓展到了言外之意的范围，进而引出对意向性的探究。由此，他逐渐深入到对人类心灵的研究，有效地将语言哲学和心灵哲学相结合，建立起一整套完整的言语行为理论。不仅如此，塞尔就传统哲学中备受争议的“形而上学的问题”表明了自己的立场，并以此为前提，对人、语言、世界的三元关系作出全新的分析。