多轴重载车辆在坡道上的动力载荷分析研究

摘要

In order to accurately calculate the dynamic load of a multi axle heavy load vehicle on the up-per slope ,a systematic method for calculating the dynamic load of vehicles on the slope road was es-tablished.According to the principle of system dynamics ,the dynamic load analysis model of multi-axle heavy load vehicle was constructed considering the vertical vibration of vehicle on the ramp.Tak-ing a certain type of vehicle as the example ,based on the longitudinal dynamics equation on the ramp and the calculation model of vertical static load ,the numerical simulation on the established model for the vertical and horizontal dynamic loads of vehicles were carried out by applying the excitations from road roughness.The influences of road grade and vehicle load on the vertical and horizontal dynamic loads were investigated.The results show that the ratio of the dynamic load caused by the vertical vi-bration of vehicle to the static load is larger and the horizontal dynamic load increases with the increase of the slope with a substantial increase and the vertical and horizontal dynamic loads are greatly in-creased with the increase of vehicle load.%为了准确计算长大上坡路段多轴重载车辆的动力载荷,建立了上坡路段车辆对路面动力载荷的系统计算方法.依据系统动力学原理,考虑车辆在坡道上的垂向振动作用,建立了多轴重载车辆在上大上坡路段动力载荷的分析计算模型.以某型车为算例,基于上坡路段纵向动力学方程与垂向静载荷计算模型,施加路面不平度激励,运用所建立的上坡路段多轴重载车辆动载荷计算模型,对车辆的垂直与水平动力载荷进行数值分析计算,研究坡度、车辆载重对垂直和水平动力载荷的影响.结果表明:车辆的垂直振动引起的动载荷与静载荷的比值较大;水平动力载荷随坡度增加而增加,增加幅度较大,载重增加致使垂直与水平动力载荷均有大幅增加.