天童山常绿阔叶林优势树种光合生理特性在其群落演替中的生态意义研究

摘要

The photosynthetic characteristics of 4 dominant trees, Castanopsis fargesii, Schima superb, Lithocarpus glaber, and Castanopsis sclerophylla, which consisted of sub climax succession in evergreen broadleaf forestry in Tiantong Mount in Zhejiang, were studied.We analyzed the photosynthetic response curve, light compensation point and light saturation point, CO2 compensation point, daily photosynthesis change, transpiration and water utilization rate in the seedlings, saplings and adult trees of aforementioned four types of trees.By analysis and comparison of these indices, we asserted the photosynthetic characteristics of these dominant evergreen broadleaf trees might reflect the important roles these trees played in the succession of community.We found that the tree of Castanopsis fargesii was mostly adopted to the climax community structure among the four types of trees by having lowest C02 compensation point, excellent water utilization ability and perfect self-conservation in light inhibition condition, thus it had become dominant species in the community of evergreen broadleaf forestry in Tiantong Mount.%对浙江天童山常绿阔叶林组成亚顶级群落的4个优势树种:栲树、木荷、石栎、苦槠的光合生理特性进行了研究.对此4个优势树种幼苗、幼树、成年树等生长阶段的光合响应曲线及其光补偿点和光饱和点、CO2补偿点、光合作用日变化曲线、蒸腾作用和水分利用率等进行了测定,对比分析了优势树种光合生理生态特性及其在天童山常绿阔叶林群落演替过程中的重要作用.结果发现栲树具有最低的光和CO2补偿点、优良的水分利用性能,完善的光抑制自我保护机制,幼苗适应弱光环境且代谢旺盛而利于更新,在4个优势树种中最适应于顶级群落的特殊生境,因此成为了天童山常绿阔叶林自然演替顶级群落中重要值最大的优势种.