大百合鳞茎营养成分分析与评价

摘要

The nutrient contents in matured bulbs of Cardiocrinum giganteum were analyzed, including mineral materials, trace elements and proteins.These contents were compared to that of them in 6 other types of vegetables.It showed that the contents of protein, crude fat, coarse fiber, carbohydrate and vitamin C were 1.59 g/ l00g, 1.25 g/100g, 4.0 g/100g, 6.76 g/100g and 2.7 mg/100g respectively in WTBXC.giganteum bulbs, and its contents of crude fat and coarse fiber were far more higher than that in the 6 types of vegetable.The contents of protein and carbohydrate in C.giganteum were significantly lower than that of lily but higher than that of cabbage and radish.The content of vitamin C in C.giganteum bulbs was lower than that of other 6 vegetables.The per kilogram mineral material and trace element were P 222 mg, Ca 183 mg, K 2348 mg, Mg 17.1 mg, Fe 4.2 mg, Zn 5.3 mg, Cu 0.34 mg, Mn 4.1 mg, among them the contents of Ca, Zn, and Mn were slightly higher than that of lily, but other 4 contents in it were lower than lily.There were 17 types of amino acid in the protein in the bulbs, including 7 types of essential amino acid.The contents of TAA (Total Amino Acid) , EAA ( Essential Amino Acid) and NEAA (Non-Essential Amino Acid) were 50.6 g/kg, 17.6 g/kg and 30.1 g/kg respectively.The ratioof EAA/TAA was 34.78％.This ratio approximated what was recommended.Since the bulbs were rich in coarse fiber, mineral materials trace elements and amino acid, and its content of coarse fiber was far more higher than its crude fat and protein, this plant showed good source for high fiber, full nutrient vegetable, thus it had potential of market value.%按照国家标准的分析方法,对大百合成熟鳞茎的营养成分进行了测定,并与6种常用蔬菜的相应含量进行了比较.结果表明,大百合鳞茎中蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗纤维、碳水化合物和维生素C的含量分别为1.59 g/100g、1.25 g/100g、4.0 g/100g、6.76 g/100g、2.7 mg/100g,其中粗纤维、粗脂肪含量明显高于6种常用蔬菜;大百合鳞茎的蛋白质和碳水化合物明显低于百合,但比大白菜和白萝卜的高;大百合鳞茎的维生素C含量低于6种常用蔬菜.每千克鳞茎干物质中矿质元素的含量为:P 222mg,Ca 183 mg,K 2 348 mg,Mg 17.1 mg,Fe 4.2mg,Zn 5.3 mg,Cu 0.34 mg,Mn 4.1 mg,其中Ca、zn、Mn的含量略高于百合,其他元素含量则低于百合.大百合鳞茎的蛋白质中含有17种氨基酸,包括7种人体必需氨基酸.总氨基酸(TAA)、人体必需氨基酸(EAA)和人体非必需氨基酸(NEAA)的含量分别为50.6 g/kg,17.6 g/kg,30.1 g/kg.其所含的人体必需氨基酸占总氨基酸(EAA/TAA)的34.78%,人体必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比值(EAA/NEAA)为58.47%,接近推荐的理想蛋白模式.大百合鳞茎富含粗纤维、矿质元素和氨基酸,其粗纤维含量明显高于粗脂肪和粗蛋白质含量,属高纤维且营养全面的野生食用蔬菜,具有很大开发潜力.