明清至民国时期文山地区学校教育发展的线性考察

摘要

Tradition school education in Wenshan starts at the Ming Dynasty and fully develops in the Qing Dynasty because Wenshan is far from inland and develops late historically. Schools run by government such as province schools and county schools, academies and non-government schools fully develop and school education in the regions near inland keeps up with the inland education development. Furtherly speaking, Wenshan’s education finishes inland changing process and reaches education integration with the gap between Wenshan in the Qing Dynasty and inland in education pattern, management and contents becoming narrow. Wenshan keeps up with inland education development and completes education transformation in the Republic of China, which make it ready to develop education in new China.%由于地处偏远，历史上开发较晚，文山地区至明代始有传统学校教育的萌芽，至清代进入传统学校教育全面发展的时期。官学（府学、县学）、书院、义学等学校机构，至清代已经全部具备，和云南省靠内地区的教育发展实现了趋同，进一步说，至少在教育形态、教育管理、教学内容等方面，清代的文山已经和中原内地差距缩小，完成了教育内地化过程，实现了教育一体化。民国时期，文山紧跟内地发展步伐，完成了传统教育的转型，为新中国学校教育的发展准备了条件。