论宋代官员黜降原因

摘要

The reasons about the Song Dynasty officials’ relegation are mainly divided into three categories. The first reason is the political struggle, the second is the official’ s crime, and the third is the particular reason. The political struggle caused by rele⁃gation is complex. It includes that factional political struggle, offending powerful minister, and minister’ s discord. There are many types of relegation caused by officials’ crime in the Song Dynasty. The government of the Song Dynasty gave the favored treatment to the officials who were committed crime. There are relegations caused by disasters or abnormal phenomenon, by denouncement and criticism, and even by their “family affairs”. For different reasons about the officials’ crime, their treatments are different.%宋代官员的黜降原因主要分为三大类：一是政治斗争，二是官员犯罪，三是特殊原因。政治斗争引起黜降，包括由党争而引起的官员黜降、因得罪权臣（或得罪当权者）被贬、大臣之间不和引起的被贬。官员犯罪引起的黜降种类很多，宋代对官员犯罪的处置体现优待原则。宋代官员黜降的特殊原因有：因灾害或异常现象而引起的官员黜降；因“被人告发”而贬责；因“家事”而被贬责等等。官员犯罪原因不同，对其处置也有所不同。