针对大比尺波浪水槽的实验环境特点,提出了基于光学影像系统的波浪测量方法,并将该方法应用于波态研究.其工作原理是:在水槽上边缘俯视拍摄波浪表面和水槽侧壁,依据给定的采样频率完成图像的截取,通过刻度尺标定、图像分割、灰度化、图像平滑滤波、波面识别来获取波面数据,进而进行波态研究,获得波浪在水槽中的空间形态.经实验验证,此方法实现了非接触测量,具有高精度、高灵敏度、高稳定性的特点,在波浪测量与监测方面具有广阔的应用前景.%According to the characteristics of experimental environment of the large wave flume,a measurement method based on optical system was proposed,and the method was applied in the research of wave shape. Its working principle is: a digital camera is set on the edge of the flume. The surface of the wave and the side wall of the flume are filmed, and images are selected according to the given sampling frequency. Through the calibration of scale, image segmentation, image graying, image filtering and wave recognition, the wave height can be acquired. Then the wave shape study can be conducted, and the spatial form of wave in large wave flume can be obtained finally. The experimental results show that this method can realize non-contact measurement, with high accuracy, high sensitivity and high stability. It can be broadly applied in wave measurement and monitoring.
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