爆破挤淤施工中近岸水生生物损失率分布及影响研究

摘要

Underwater explosion is widely used in the construction of offshore hydraulic structures.The sediment suspension caused by blasting underwater has a great influence on the ecological environment.At present,the related research is mostly confined to the field of fishery and it is lack of scientific calculation method.The equation for the suspended solids to the loss of aquatic organisms was established and sediment transport module of MIKE 21 was used to simulate the dispersion of the suspended solids generated by different construction schemes.According to the simulation results of suspended matter concentration in the study area,the map of the loss of biomass in the study area was given.%爆破挤淤是在填海造地、防波堤、护岸和码头等水工工程施工中常用的地基处理方法.爆破过程中,海底泥沙悬浮,产生悬浮物,并伴随着潮汐、波浪等因素向周围海域进行扩散,对施工周围水域生态环境有较大影响.目前有关悬浮物对近岸水生生物的影响研究,多为水产科学领域的离散数据,未与近岸水工工程施工相结合,无法解析工程施工对水生生物的影响.文章针对悬浮物对水生生物的损失量建立理论方程,并使用MIKE 21软件的水动力模块和泥沙输运模块,对爆破挤淤产生的悬浮物的扩散进行模拟,得到研究区域内的生物损失率分布.