港池开挖对施工期波浪条件的影响

摘要

在港口建设中,往往需要开挖港池和航道以达到使用要求.而港池和航道开挖将对波浪的传播产生显著影响.文章结合TEMA港物理模型试验,验证BW数值模型的合理性,二者结果吻合良好.分析了模型对潮位、波高和周期的敏感性,并对比分析了施工期港池开挖前后,不同入射波高和周期以及不同开挖深度和宽度下港池和回旋水域波高分布的大小关系,具体结论如下:入射波高、周期和潮位均对计算结果产生影响,且受掩护程度越好的区域对波高和周期的敏感性越强;波浪进入开挖港池后波高持续衰减,越靠近泊位折减幅度越大,因此港池开挖可改善后方泊位施工作业条件;港池开挖深度、宽度、入射波周期和波向角均对港池内波高的折减幅度有影响.%It is standard practice to excavate harbor basin and navigation channel to meet the utility during the harbor construction,which has a significant effect on wave propagation.The BW numerical model was verified by the wave field simulation of port TEMA, which matched well with physical model test results.On this basis, the sensibility analysis of water level and wave height and period was conducted,and the wave height distribution in the basin and turning waters was analyzed and compared.The following conclusions can be drawn: the incident wave height,period and water level have an effect on the calculation results, and the region under shield is more sensitive to wave height and period;wave propagates in the harbor basin and then continues to decline.The closer to the berth,the greater the reduction amplitude of wave height.Therefore, it is beneficial for berth construction when basin is excavated; basin excavation depth, width, incident wave period and wave angle are closely associated with the wave height reduction amplitude.