纵轴式掘进机振动特性研究

摘要

In order to investigate vibration characteristics of a roadheader,the analysis of its vibration source was conducted,it was found that the nonlinear instantaneous impact loading caused by a cutting pick in a cutting process is the main disturbance source of its vibration.The load model of the cutting pick was established,the simulation programme for the cutting pick transient load was worked out with MATLAB,the transient load time histories of the cutting pick were simulated and induced successfully in a rigid-flex coupled vibration model of the roadheader established based on a cosimulation virtual prototype frame.The modal parameters and the easily excited modal shapes of the system were recognized.Then,the dynamic behaviors of the system were analyzed.The frequencies affecting greatly the overall performance of the system were determined.The harmonic responses of its rotating table were analyzed and its shortcomings were founded.The results provided a foundation for vibration analysis of a roadheader and enhancing its capability of anti-vibration.%为研究纵轴式掘进机截割煤岩时的振动特性,对掘进机振动源进行分析知,截齿在截割过程中所受非线性瞬时冲击是造成掘进机振动的主要扰动源.通过建立复杂煤岩条件下截齿的力学模型,利用MATLAB编制计算截割头瞬时载荷模拟程序,模拟横摆工况下截割头所受冲击载荷,并将其导入在协同仿真环境下建立的纵轴式掘进机刚柔耦合振动模型中进行受迫振动分析,识别出系统的主要模态参数及易被激发的振型；分析其动态响应特性,确定对整机振动影响较大的频率；对回转台进行谐响应分析,找出其薄弱环节.分析结果对研究纵轴式掘进机振动特性及耐冲击、抗振能力的提高具有重要参考价值.