气动可调阻尼同轴一体式减振支柱阻尼特性研究

摘要

为改善减振器自适应能力，提出由空气弹簧、PDC 阀及三筒式液压减振器组成的阻尼可调一体式减振支柱设计方案，该减振支柱阻尼特性与空气弹簧压强相关。介绍减振支柱的结构组成及工作原理并建立阻尼特性数学模型，用 SIMULINK 软件建立该减振支柱阻尼特性仿真模型。仿真结果表明，阻尼力随空气弹簧压强成非线性变化，空载及轻载均利于平顺性提高，重载利于行驶动力性提高，从而实现悬架系统自适应能力提高。通过台架实验测试空气弹簧压强不同时的阻尼特性与仿真结果基本一致，表明该减振支柱数学模型的正确性及结构设计方案的可行性。%Aiming at improving the adaptive ability of shick absorbers,a type of suspension strut consisting of an air spring,a PDC-valve and a three-tube hydraulic shock absorber was designed.The damping characteristic of the strut can be controlled by adjusting the pressure of the air spring.The structure and basic working principle of the suspension strut was introduced.A mathematical model for the damping characteristic of the strut was established.And a model for the simulation of the strut was established by using the software SIMULINK.The simulation results show that the damping characteristic of the strut varies nonlinearly with the pressure of the air spring.The ride comfort of the vehicle is improved under empty load and light load conditions,and the dynamic performance of the vehicle is also improved under heavy load conditions.Thus the adaptive ability is up-graded.The damping characteristic of the strut was tested under different pressure of the air spring on a strut test bench.The test results show a good agreement with the simulation ones.It concludes that the mathematical model of the strut is correct and the design scheme of the strut is feasible.