直线线路科隆蛋扣件地段钢轨波磨成因的理论研究

摘要

In chinese metro lines,severe rail corrugations occur not only on tight curved track sections supported by Cologne-egg fasteners,but also on straight ones.Based on the viewpoint of friction-self-excited vibration coupling causing rail corrugation,the rail corrugation of a straight track section supported by Cologne-egg fasteners was studied here.An elastic vibration model of a wheel-rail system was established.Both the complex eigenvalue analysis and the transient dynamic analysis were used to study the stability and the dynamic performance of the wheel-rail system.The simulation results showed that the rail corrugation of wavelength 40 ~50 mm on a straight track section supported by Cologne-egg fasteners easily occurs under the action of the saturated creep force;when Cologne-egg fasteners with smaller stiffness are replaced with DTVI2 fasteners with larger stiffness,the rail corrugation is suppressed;therefore,an appropriate large stiffness of fasteners can suppress the rail corrugation on a straight track section,but this method is not applicable for a tight curved track one.%在我国地铁线路上发现科隆蛋扣件地段的钢轨波磨不仅发生在小半径曲线区段，而且在直线区段也会出现。基于轮轨摩擦耦合自激振动引起钢轨波磨的观点，研究了地铁直线线路上科隆蛋扣件地段的钢轨波磨，建立了轮轨摩擦耦合弹性自激振动模型。采用复特征值法和瞬时动态分析法研究了轮轨系统的运动稳定性和动态特性。计算结果表明在饱和蠕滑力作用下的直线线路科隆蛋扣件地段容易产生40～50 mm 波长的钢轨波磨。当使用刚度较大的 DTVI2扣件代替刚度较小的科隆蛋扣件时，直线线路上的波磨将得到抑制。因此，适当的增加扣件的刚度有助于抑制直线轨道上的钢轨波磨，然而该方法在曲线轨道上并不适用。