钢筋混凝土梁撞击缓冲效应试验研究

摘要

The impact tests of eight reinforced concrete beams were conducted with falling hammer impact equipment.The impact dynamic responses of the tested specimens with and without buffers were analyzed contrastively.The test results showed that buffers can greatly reduce impact dynamic responses of specimens;the peak impact force of bent beams can be decreased by 70.98%, the peak strain of tensile reinforcements can be decreased by 71.11%;the peak impact force of sheared beams can be decreased by 76.24%, the peak strain of tensile reinforcements can be decreased by 83.09%;the peak strain of reinforcement stirrups can be decreased by 84.65%.These results provided a test reference for studying efficient anti-collision systems.Based on the energy conservation principle and the theorem of momentum, the calculation formula for impact force acting on a simply supported beam with buffers was derived.It was shown that the calculated value of the impact force agrees well with the test peak impact force.This result provided a simple and quick method with a test basis for theoretical calculation of impact buffer effect of RC beams.%采用落锤撞击试验装置,进行了8根钢筋混凝土梁的撞击试验.对比分析了设置缓冲装置前后试件撞击动力响应的变化.试验结果表明:设置有缓冲装置的试件动力响应有大幅度降低,受弯作用的梁撞击峰值力可降低70.98%,撞击点背面纵筋峰值应变可降低71.11%;受剪作用的梁撞击峰值力可降低76.24%,撞击点背面纵筋峰值应变可降低83.09%,箍筋峰值应变可降低84.65%,这对研究高效的抗撞综合体系具有试验参考价值.运用能量守恒原理和动量定理,建立了设置缓冲装置后作用于简支梁的撞击力计算公式.撞击力计算值与试验撞击力峰值吻合较好,这为撞击缓冲效应的理论计算提供了具有试验依据的简捷方法.