一种车载设备的低频水平减振方法

摘要

针对大型车载光电设备0～20 Hz低频段振动,综合考虑承载能力及车内空间,基于准零刚度系统隔振原理,提出了一种新的低频水平方向隔振方法.将一种新型的负刚度机构并入正刚度的弹簧,组成正负刚度并联的新构型隔振系统.通过对隔振系统的基本原理和动力特性进行理论分析,得到了系统处于平衡位置时的零刚度条件;并对加入了新型隔振系统的车载光电设备振动响应进行了模态仿真.理论分析和仿真结果表明,此新型准零刚度水平隔振系统在不改变承载能力的情况下,降低了固有频率,对于低频隔振有明显的效果.可将0～ 20 Hz频率范围内的振动幅值降低96.67％左右.通过对装有该隔振系统的车载仪器的性能进行测试,可验证该隔振系统对车载设备的隔振效果非常明显.%In order to reduce the vibration of a photoelectric equipment in a large vehicle within a the frequency range of 0-20 Hz,considering its load-bearing capacity and the vehicle space,a method of low frequency horizontal vibration isolation was put forward.This method was based on the theory of vibration isolation in a quasi-zero stiffness system.A new vibration isolation system was constructed with a positive stiffness and a negative one parallel connection by merging a new negative stiffness mechanism to a positive stiffness spring.Through analyzing the principle and the dynamic characteristics of the vibration isolation system,the zero stiffness condition was obtained at the equilibrium position of the system.The modal analysis simulations were conducted for the vibration response of the vehicle-borne photoelectric instrument with the new vibration isolation system.The theoretical analysis and simulation results showed that the new system has a significant effect on the low frequency vibration reduction of the equipment without changing its load-bearing capacity;the vibration amplitude within the range of 0-20 Hz is reduced 96.67％.Finally,the vehicle-borne photoelectric instrument with the new vibration isolation system was tested,it was shown that this new vibration isolation system has a good effect on the low frequency vibration reduction of the equipment.