水下圆柱壳体结构噪声的工况传递路径分析

摘要

To identify and quantify noise source and transmission path of the submerged vehicles, considering the main problems of OPA(Operational Transfer Path Analysis) in the practical application, the combination of operational condition and the reference vibration source are selected properly. The ill-posed problem of matrix inversion is avoided effectively by truncated total least squares (TTLS), then the OPA model of the underwater structure is established. The test of vibration and acoustic radiation of submerged cylindrical single-double shell is implemented, and then the data of noise and structural vibration are collected simultaneously. The sound contribution of each transfer path to external noise of the cylindrical shell is analyzed by OPA program, the results which calculate by OPA program consistent well with the experimental results. The multiple transfer paths which play a leading role in external noise are finally determined. The results indicate that the OPA method can identify and quantify noise source and transmission path of the submerged vehicles, which is of great significance in guiding a real-time prediction of radiation noise and adopting appropriate measure to reduce structural vibration and radiated noise.%为实现水下航行器噪声源和噪声传递路径的识别、量化,利用工况传递路径分析(operational transfer path analysis,简称OPA)并考虑其在实际应用中面临的4个关键问题,选取恰当的工况数组合和参考振源,采用截断总体最小二乘(TTLS)方法,有效地避免了矩阵求逆存在的不适定问题,由此建立水下结构的OPA模型.进行水下单、双层圆柱壳体结构的振动-声辐射试验,实现了噪声与结构振动数据的同时基采集.基于建立的OPA模型编制程序进行水下单、双层圆柱壳体结构的噪声贡献量分析,结果与试验测量结果吻合较好,并从传递路径的角度找出了对壳外噪声起主导作用的环节.建立的OPA方法可以识别、量化水下圆柱壳体结构的主要噪声源和噪声传递路径,并且能够指导水下航行器噪声的实时预报和减振降噪措施的正确实施.