公交车及其它路权优先车辆信号优先模型研究

摘要

Nowadays, traffic congestion is getting more and more serious in big cities.Public transportation system is an effective solution to this problem.Thus, bus signal priority control is very important to improve the efficiency and service level of public transportation.This paper proposes a novel city main road bus signal priority model, analyzes and demonstrates its impact.According to this model, we simulate the mode of transit signal priority and obtain satisfactory results.First, we use “single path of travel distribution method”to calculate OD matrix on the basis of the collected traffic flow data.Second, we use the GIS information to reconstruct the network in the micro-traffic emulational software “Paramics”.Third, we introduce the Analyric Hierarchy Process(AHP) to set the priority factors of four different vehicles according to traffic management strategy.Finally, we design a special control strategy to reduce the overall delay of buses.Simulation results show that after using the priority signal control programs, the delay of buses and other road priority vehicles, even that of all the vehicles has reduced as a whole.The results confirm that the application of priority signal control program can partially solve the access problems of buses and other vehicles which have the road priority.%随着交通问题的日益严重,公共交通日益受到交通管理部门和交通领域学者的重视.其中,公交信号优先是提高公交系统运行效率和服务水平的重要途径.本文提出了城市主干道公交车信号优先模型并进行了分析和探讨.首先根据收集到的交通流数据应用"单路径旅行分配法"计算出OD矩阵;接着利用GIS信息在微观交通仿真软件Paramics中对网络进行了重构;随后根据交通管理策略引入了层次分析法对四种不同车辆进行优先权系数的设置;最后设计了专门的控制策略来降低公交车辆的整体延迟.仿真结果表明,采用该优先信号控制方案后,公交车和其它路权优先车辆的延迟,甚至包括所有车辆的延迟都能得到整体的降低,部分解决公交车和其它路权优先车辆的优先通行问题.