女性驾驶员应激反应能力研究

摘要

Traffic accidents with female drivers involved increase year by year. Because of the physiological and psychological differences between male and female drivers, and the female driver' s response ability against the emergency is not as good as male drivers. Therefore, it is an effective way to reduce traffic accidents by improving the stress response ability of female drivers. This study explores how to improve the stress response ability by training. Several female drivers are selected to drive by simulator wearing physiograph on basis of dynamic stereotype. The ECG parameters of the subjects are simultaneously detected by physiograph. The experimental data are compared and analyzed. The training standards on different emergence driving scenes are made as well. Then, the key stress factors are identified by comparing females to males. The results reveal that the regression model is effective to explain regular pattern of training times and heart rating. Gender is significantly important to stress response ability research. The stress or infers to jaywalkers is the most crucial factor. There is no gender difference between Stadia limited and emergency braking of leading vehicle. More training in key stress factor scene is helpful for improving the stress response ability of female drivers.%女性驾驶员导致的交通事故逐年增多,由于男女驾驶员在生理心理上差异明显,女性面对突发应激情景处理能力不如男性,研究女性驾驶员应激反应能力能有效减少交通事故.通过自主开发的驾驶应激模拟系统,选用女性被试者进行仿真实验,运用多导生理记录仪MP150实时记录心率参数,通过建立回归模型得出不同应激场景下的训练标准,并与男性驾驶员训练标准进行对比找出关键应激源.结果表明,所建立的回归模型能有效拟合随着训练次数增加心率下降的规律；不同性别的应激状态存在较大的差异性；突然横穿道路行人为女性驾驶员关键应激源,有显著性别差异；前方视距不良、前车紧急制动应激源无性别差异.对关键应激源场景进行重点训练有助于提升女性驾驶员应激反应能力.