配合大站快车的单线公交组合调度模型

摘要

In the case with a given numbers of vehicles, a multi-objective single line transit mixed scheduling model is proposed to simultaneously adjust the frequency of full length and express bus and determine a sequence of stations passed by express bus. The goal is to minimize a total of waiting time for all passengers and maximize corporate profit, by considering many realistic constraints such as a site of stranded passengers and their service level etc. According to characteristics of the problem, the weighted method is used to design heuristic algorithm to solve the problem, and their noninferior solutions are obtained, by introducing the concept for estimated value of passenger's travel time. Finally, a numerical example is taken to reveal the relationship of the frequency, the screening strategy and its cost, and analyze impact of service levels, expect congestion and other bus parameters on its best scheme. Furthermore, the proposed model is compared with the optimized single scheduling method to verify model and its algorithm' correctness and effectiveness.%在给定配车数情形下，考虑站点滞留乘客和服务水平等现实约束因素，以乘客总出行时间最小为第一目标，以极大化企业最大利润为第二目标，本文提出一类配合大站快车的多目标单线组合调度模型，确定大站快车途经站点，并计算全程车和大站快车的发车频率。根据问题特征，引入乘客出行时间价值的概念，利用加权法实施多目标的优化，设计启发式算法求解该问题的非劣解。最后，以某线路为例，探讨了发车频率、折返点位置和费用的关系，并分析了公交服务水平、期望拥挤对调度方案的影响，并与现有单一调度方案进行了比较分析，从而验证模型和算法的正确性和有效性。