铁路快捷货物运输是适应社会物流发展的必然趋势,合理的快运组织能够提高运输服务质量及市场竞争力.利用离散时空网络方法构建铁路货物运输初始网络;在传统货物运输基础上考虑单元化运输对集装器具的需求,以及集装器具使用后所产生的影响;由于货物在运输过程中存在不确定的货损货差,应用概率论及随机约束描述不同运输服务下的货物丢失、损坏情况及造成的损失;在满足货运需求的前提下考虑包括运输成本、装卸成本等总成本最低为目标构建优化模型,同时考虑货运时效性约束对初始网络进行优化研究.通过将随机约束确定化处理,利用Cplex优化软件对模型求解;通过算例验证该模型的可靠性及合理性.%Railway express is the inevitable trend to adapt to the social logistics development, reasonable express organization can enhance the transport service quality and market competitiveness. Initial network of railway freight transportation is constructed by using discrete time network method. Based on the traditional transportation, the demand for containerization appliances and the effects of using the containerization appliances are considered. Because of the uncertainty of lose and damage of goods during transportation, probability theory and stochastic constraints are applied to describe the damage and lose of goods in different transport service modes. Based on the meeting of freight demand, the minimum total costs of transportation including transport cost, handling cost and other costs are taken as the object to build the optimization model, and the constraint of shipping time is considered to optimize the initial network. Through the treatment of determination for the stochastic constraints, Cplex optimization software is used to solve the model. The reliability and rationality of the method are verified by a case.
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