随着交通拥堵的加剧,轨道交通以其快速、大运量的特点得到了青睐,其运营里程迅猛增加且在一定范围内呈现网络化运营趋势.轨道交通网络复杂性研究正在经历从单一网络静态拓扑结构扩展至多层网络动态分配特征的深入过程.在介绍拓扑结构与交通流网络的表示方法和网络复杂性评价指标的基础上,归纳轨道交通网络具有小世界、层次性及站间距幂律分布等静态拓扑特性,呈现明显幂律行为的数量分布及时空集聚等交通流特征.针对轨道交通系统的多层网络研究表明网络负载基本符合幂律分布.研究深化了对轨道交通运行机理的认知,有助于真实网络的预测和控制工作,为探索轨道交通网络化运营、一体化发展条件下客流预测、运力与需求匹配提供了参考方向.%The rail transit systems have been paid much attention. The studies of rail transit systems based on complex network theory are extending from single static topology structure to multilayer network dynamic distribution characteristics. Based on the presentation and performance indicators, we conclude the important characteristics of topological structure and traffic flows. The important topological patterns present as small world, hierarchy and the power-law distribution of distance between stations. The traffic flow emerge power-law behavior quantity distribution and spatial-temporal cluster. The multilayer network models show that the load fit a power-law distribution.
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