地铁车站站台火灾影响分析与人员疏散研究

摘要

The investigation on the development features and law of a fire on platforms is crucial to ensure operational safety and efficient evacuation for metro operation.The study employs the simulation software Pyrosim to investigate afire on metro platforms,mainly focusing on the characteristics of smoke diffusion and the effects on a fire process from the varieties of hate release rate,fire number and positions and smoke exhaust rate in different scenarios.The evacuation scenarios considering different ventilation strategies are also investigated and analyzed due to evacuation time and velocity.The results for this study are able to support the emergency measures and evacuation during a fire on metro platforms.%掌握地铁车站站台火灾对人员的危害性及其发展规律是确保安全运营和人员高效疏散的前提.本文在计算流体动力学的基础上,结合Pyrosim仿真软件构建地铁车站站台火灾仿真模型.分析了站台内火灾烟气的扩散规律,并在此基础上根据热释放速率、火源数量及位置,以及排烟速率的不同设计火灾场景,探索这些因素变化对火灾发展的影响,并结合通风策略对人员疏散时间和速度进行比较分析所得研究结论为站台火灾发生时的应急措施和人员疏散提供依据.