特殊环境下营运车辆驾驶人驾驶安全性评价

摘要

道路交通事故90％以上由人为因素引起.为了对特殊环境下营运车辆驾驶人的驾驶安全性进行综合评估,由问卷调查确立典型交通场景下的安全驾驶标准操作,应用层次分析法,从交通规则遵守情况、驾驶行为规范性程度及安全驾驶意识程度3个方面建立驾驶安全性评价体系.运用句法模式识别方法设计安全意识评价算法,对驾驶人在场景中的操作能力进行评价.结果表明,安全驾驶意识程度对驾驶安全性的影响最大.所设计系统在驾驶模拟器中实现,可有效评价特殊环境驾驶人的驾驶安全性,进而降低驾驶人因素引起的事故率.%More than 90% of the road accidents are caused by human factors. In order to comprehensively assess the driving safety ability of the commercial vehicle drivers in special circumstances, standard safety driving operations in the given driving scenes are established based on the questionnaires of professional vehicle drivers. Analytic hierarchy process is applied to establish the vehicle driver driving safety evaluation system under special circumstances from three aspects, namely traffic rules observation, driving behavior normalization and safety driving awareness. Especially, the algorithm of assessing the safety driving awareness is designed using syntactic pattern recognition method. Results show that the indicator of driving safety awareness has the greatest impact on driving safety. The designed system realized in vehicle driving simulator can assess the driving safety in special circumstances effectively and reduce the rate of human-caused accidents.