At the late Qing dynasty, China is in a special historical and cultural background of facing the invasion of the western powers which spurred the establishment of the Science Society of China and the introduction of western modern science and even the occurrence of Chinese scientific thought. The returned students from abroad of represented by Mr. Hu Ming - fu played a vital role in this process. He established and developed the mathematical career with Chinese characteristics which played a guiding role for the standardization of Chinese modern mathematical system. In addition, the Science Society of China and the journal of Science which he has involved in its establishment has made a great influence on the rising and developing of Chinese scientific and cultural undertakings.%清末中国内忧外患的特定社会历史和思想文化背景，促使中国科学社的创立和西方现代科学的传入乃至中国科学思潮的产生．在这个过程中，以胡明复等人为代表的归国留学生在其中扮演了重要角色．他创立并发展具有中国特色的数学事业，对中国近现代数学制度的规范化和科学化起了重要的指导作用．此外，他参与创立的中国科学社和《科学》杂志为中国的科学文化事业兴起和发展起了重要的推动作用．
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